Lithium batteries are divided into power batteries, energy storage batteries and consumer electronics batteries according to different application areas, and the cost structure of different types of lithium batteries is naturally different. Power battery in different positive and negative materials under its cost has a certain difference, the overall material cost accounted for a relatively large, labor costs, depreciation and other manufacturing costs accounted for a relatively small, while the material cost is mainly positive and negative materials, diaphragms, electrolytes and components. In the power battery cost model, we split the PACK cost into material cost and production cost, where the material cost includes the core material, module material and PACK material, and the production cost includes labor cost, depreciation and other manufacturing costs. We refer to ANL's cost measurement model and select square batteries for cost splitting.

We assume that the bicycle has a capacity of 60kWh, including 1 battery pack, 20 modules and 240 cells, and the above assumptions are mainly used to measure the cost of modules and PACK components. We select the ternary power lithium battery 523 type and lithium iron phosphate battery as the research object for analysis and comparison. Referring to Dangsheng Technology Announcement data, we assume that the ternary (523) cathode material actuallygramsThe capacity was 157 mAh/g. Referring to the announcement data of Guoxuan Gaoke and Fengyuan shares, the current domestic lithium iron phosphate cathode material is actuallygramsThe capacity has basically reached 150 mAh/g, and we take the average level of 145 mAh/g as the actual gram capacity assumption of lithium iron phosphate cathode material. Referring to the announcement data of Shanshan shares, we assume that the negative active material (artificial graphite) actuallygramsThe capacity was 350 mAh/g.

The positive electrode material includes a positive electrode active material, a carbon additive (conductive agent) for the positive electrode, a positive electrode binder, a positive electrode current collector (aluminum foil), and a positive electrode assembly positive electrode terminal. According to our calculation, at present, the electricity cost of positive electrode active material, conductive agent, adhesive, aluminum foil and positive electrode terminal of ternary 523 is 195.25 yuan, 1.81 yuan, 5.42 yuan, 6.08 yuan and 6.53 yuan/kWh respectively, while that of lithium iron phosphate battery is 73.59 yuan, 2.19 yuan, 6.57 yuan, 6.74 yuan and 6.55 yuan/kWh respectively, and the active materials account for the vast proportion of the cost. Considering the material loss, we calculated that the total cost of the ternary 523 positive electrode material is 238.99 yuan/kWh, and the total cost of the lithium iron phosphate positive electrode material is 106.27 yuan/kWh. The difference between the two positive electrode material costs is large, mainly due to the rapid decline in the price of lithium iron phosphate in recent years, while the price of the ternary positive electrode material is relatively small due to the relative scarcity of precious metals.

The negative electrode material includes a negative electrode active material, a negative electrode binder, a negative electrode current collector (copper foil), and a negative electrode assembly negative electrode terminal. According to our calculation, at present, the cost of negative active material, binder, copper foil and negative terminal of ternary 523 is 48.66 yuan, 0.99 yuan, 41.37 yuan and 19.32 yuan/kWh respectively, while that of lithium iron phosphate battery is 52.27 yuan, 1.07 yuan, 45.81 yuan and 19.54 yuan/kWh respectively. The cost of active material, copper foil and negative terminal in negative electrode materials is relatively high, while that of binder is relatively low. Taking into account the material loss, we estimate that the total cost of the three-yuan 523 negative material degree electricity is 122.59 yuan/kWh, and the total cost of the lithium iron phosphate negative material degree electricity is 131.87 yuan/kWh. Due to the difference in energy density and the proximity of other materials, the cost of negative electrode materials for lithium iron phosphate batteries is higher than that of ternary batteries.

The electricity cost of the three-yuan and lithium iron phosphate battery separator is relatively close, the three yuan is 31.29 yuan/kWh, and the lithium iron phosphate is 34.86 yuan/kWh, the difference is also that the lower energy density of the lithium iron phosphate battery leads to more material usage than three yuan.

The electrolyte in the cell material is slightly lower than the separator. The electricity cost of the ternary 523 electrolyte is 20.93 yuan/kWh and lithium iron phosphate is 25.28 yuan/kWh.

In addition to the above, the other costs of the battery core mainly include the shell and thermal conduction sheet, which is relatively low overall. The cost of electricity for ternary 523 and other core materials for lithium iron phosphate batteries is 12.18 and 12.69 yuan/kWh, respectively.

According to the process sequence, the cell is followed by the module and PACK, where the module material includes the voltage controller, the module terminal, the module housing and the module connector, and the PACK material mainly includes the PACK terminal, the bus bar and the PACK housing. According to our estimates, the module material and PACK material of the ternary 523 battery are 102.8 and 58.15 yuan/kWh, respectively, and the lithium iron phosphate is 105.77 and 58.19 yuan/kWh, respectively. So far, we have completed the calculation of the total material cost of PACK, and after adding up, the total electricity cost of all PACK materials of ternary 523 and lithium iron phosphate is 586.92 yuan and 474.93 yuan/kWh respectively. Taking into account the cost of battery management systems and thermal management components, we estimate that the total cost of electricity for the current ternary 523 and lithium phosphate battery system materials is 660.92 and 548.93 yuan/kWh, respectively.

Power battery production costs include labor costs and manufacturing costs, including equipment and housing construction depreciation and other manufacturing costs. We assume that the investment value of 1GWh capacity equipment is 0.3 billion yuan, 400 people work 300 days a year, 8 hours a day, 960000 hours a year, and the labor cost is 25 yuan/hour, corresponding to 24 million yuan/year, and the labor cost is 24 yuan/KWh. The depreciation period of the equipment is 8 years, and the annual depreciation rate is 12.5, resulting in equipment depreciation of 37.5 yuan/KWh; the single GW production line covers an area of 4500 square meters, the expenditure on fixed assets for housing construction is 15000 yuan/square meter, the depreciation period is 20 years, the annual depreciation rate is 5%, and the depreciation of fixed assets for housing construction is 3.38 yuan/KWh. On the whole, we estimate that the cost of electricity for the labor of ternary 523 and lithium iron phosphate batteries is 24 yuan/KWh, the cost of electricity corresponding to depreciation is 40.88 yuan/KWh, and the cost of electricity corresponding to other manufacturing costs is 11.29 yuan/KWh.